Trash collection truck



' June 3, 1958 o. P. HERTERICH 2,837,230

TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Filed Jan. 25, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN 70 Ras far yer/era F June 3, 1958 o. P. HERTERICH 2,837,230

TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Filed Jan. 23, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 3, 1958o. P. HERTERICH 2,837,230

TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Filed Jan. 23, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOPJune 3, 1958 o. P. HERTERICH' TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK 6 Sheets-Sheet 4Filed Jan. 23, 1956 lNVENTOR J1me 1958 o. P. HERTERICH 2,837,230

TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Filed Jan. 23, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 /N VE N To Raydr fir III/7 June 3, 1958 o. P. HERTERICH 2,837,230

TRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Filed Jan. 23, 1956 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVEN TORTRASH COLLECTION TRUCK Oskar Paul Herterich, Thalfingen, near Ulm,Germany,

assignor to Iflockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft, Koln, GermanyApplication January 23, 1956, Serial No. 560,732 Claims priority,application Germany January 25, 1955 2 Claims. (Cl. 214503) The presentinvention relates to a trash collecton truck with a feeder or scoop fortransferring the trash from the charging container into a collector.

With heretofore known trash collection trucks of the above mentionedtype, certain difficulties have been encountered with regard to thetransfer of the trash from the charging container to the collector. Aparticular difficulty is due to the fact that the trash is composed ofhighly varying substances and that the customary feeding means notinfrequently encounter great resistance in their transferring operationswhich cause a canting of the transferring buckets or scoops.Particularly piston or scraper-like acting transferring devices whichare to be moved parallel to each other are subject to the saiddifiiculties, especially if they not merely transfer the trash from thecharging container to the collector but also have to compact the trashin the collector.

For purposes of simplification and improving the reliability of thetransfer from the charging container to the collector, it hasbeensuggested instead of employing transfer means to be moved parallelto each other, to employ tiltable buckets or the like and to tilt thesame about a horizontal axis. However, the small stroke in theneighborhood of the tilting axis brings about that a simple transferbucket cannot satisfactorily perform the double task of transferring andcompacting. Therefore, the piston-like operating transfer member hasadditionally been provided with a tiltable transfer member which isintended to compact the trash prior to its transfer from the chargingcontainer to the collector. The above mentioned drawback inherent to aparallel displacement of the transfer or conveying members is, however,not obviated by such an arrangement.

It has furthermore been suggested in addition to a rear wall of thecollector, which wall is tiltable about an upper vertical axis, toprovide a second damming up wall which is tiltable about an adjacentaxis and which is intended to prevent the trash moved into the collectorfrom falling back into the charging container. This arrangement has thedrawback that trash enters between the transfer member and the dammingup wall and thus impedes the movement of the tiltable elements.

In a further effort to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks, it hasalso been suggested in addition to providing a charging bucket tiltableabout a lower horizontal axis to employ a second bucket journalled at anintermediate height, against the outside of which the trash is firstcompressed whereupon after tilting of said second bucket the trash istransferred by the first bucket into the collector. This type ofpre-compacting prior to the transfer from the charging container to thecollector is likewise unsuitable for a compacting of the entire con.-tents.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a trashcollector truck with means which will overcome the above mentioneddrawbacks.

It is another object of this inventon to provide a trash collectingtruck with a simplified arrangement for re- 2,837,230 Patented June 3,.1958

ice

ceiving the trash from the trash cans being emptied and for transferringthe thus unloaded trash into the collecting compartment of the truckwhile preventing trash in v These and other objects and advantages ofthe inven- 8 tion will appear more clearly from the followingspecification in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 represents a side view of a trash collecting truck according tothe invention, the charging container into which the trash is unloadedand the collector occupying their position for receiving trash.

Fig. 2 is a side view similar to that of Fig. 1 but showing the chargingcontainer and the collector in lifted position for discharging thecollected trash.

Fig. 3 shows on a somewhat larger scale than that of Figs. 1 and 2 alongitudinal section through the charging container and cooperatingbucket and scoop members, said section being taken along the line IIIIIIof Fig. 8.

Fig. 4 is a section similar to that of Fig. 3 but taken along the lineIVIV of Fig. 8 and showing the bucket and scoop members in a positiondifferent from that occupied by the same in Fig. 3.

Figs. 5, 6 and 7 represent sections similar to those of Figs. 3 and4 butshowing different phases of operation.

Fig. 8 is a section along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic representation of the control mechanism forhydraulically operated cylinder piston systems arranged to actuate thecharging bucket and transferring scoop for the trash receiving andtransferring means.

Fig. 10 is a partial section taken along the line XX of Fig. 9.

General arrangement The trash transfer arrangement for transferring thetrash from the charging or receiving container to the collector ischaracterized primarily by two tiltable buckets or scoops each of whichis tiltable about a horizontal axis. The lower one of the said twobuckets or scoops forms part of the receiving container andsimultaneously serves as the bottom thereof. More specifically, theinvention consists primarily in that the second bucket or scoop istiltable about an axis at the upper end of the connecting openingbetween the receiving container and the collector, and following thelifting movement of the first bucket or scoop compresses .the trash intothe collector. The trash transfer arrangement according to the inventionis furthermore characterized in that the second scoop or bucket holdsback the trash transferred into the collector until additional trash isto be transferred into the collector. It is only at that moment that theupper bucket or scoop is tilted back and the lower bucket or scoop islifted. Thus, it is impossible with the arrangement according to thepresent invention that trash which has been transferred into thecollector will drop back into the receiving container. Inasmuch as thetransfer elements, i. e. the two buckets or scoops do not move parallelto themselves but perform proper and pure tilting movements, themovement of said. elements along a predetermined and specificallydefined path is always assured.

According to a further development of the invention, the lower bucket orscoop is designed as receiving bucket,

tilting movement of the lower bucket slide between the trash and therear wall of the receiving bucket. At-these points the upper scoop orbucket encounters minor resistance only even if the trash comprises hardsubjects. The design of the lower scoop or bucket as receiving buckethas the. advantage that sealing gaps are avoided through which fine ashmay trickle. Within the aspect of the present invention, the receivingbucket'is intended first to receive the trash from the trash cans beingemptied. To this end, it is desirable that the receiving bucket willduring the emptying of the can occupy a rather low position so that thetrash cans will not'have to be lifted too high. The further task of thereceiving bucket consists in that it must lift the received trash to alevel from where the trash can properly be conveyed into the trashcollecting chamber henceforth called trash collector, by means of asecond bucket or scoop. It has proved advantageous to arrange thetilting axis of the receiving bucket some what above the bottom of thetrash collector so that the trash will find a proper rest at the rearend of the trash collector and will not drop back into the receivingcontainer when the upperbucket or scoop is tilted back.

A particularly compact design of the receiving container and the feedingmechanism is obtained when the axes of the two buckets or scoops arecompletely or nearly vertically located above each other. The upper axisis expedientlyarranged approximately at the level of the upper edge ofthe trash collector.

lection truck comprises in customary manner a cab .1 and a collector 2which is open at the rear side only. The rear endof the collectorsupports the charging or receiving container 3 into which the trash cansare emptied. The receiving container 3 is tiltably journalled about anupper axis defined by the studs 4. Within the receiving container thereis arranged a receiving or charging bucket 5 which is tiltable about alower horizontal axis defined by the studs 6. Substantially verticallyabove said last mentioned axis, and in the neighborhood of the axisdefined by the studs 4 there are journalled studs 7 connected to thescoop 8 which is tiltable about an axis defined by said studs 7.

Fig. 2 shows the collector 2 tilted about the axis 10 at the rear of thechassis 9. The tilting of the collector 2 is efiected by a hydraulicallyoperable cylinder piston assembly 11'. It will be obvious that when thecollector is tilted from Fig. 1 into Fig. 2 position, the trash slidestoward the rear. A tackle or cable line.12 has its front end connectedto the chassis 9 and while passing over pulleys 13, 14 around thecollector has its rear end connected to a point 15 of the receivingcontainer 3 so that the latter is tilted into open position when thecollector tilts about the axis defined by the stud 4 so that the trashis allowed to slide out of the collector.

The receiving container is illustrated on a somewhat larger scale inFig. 3 and shows the charging bucket 5 in its lowermost position inwhich it is filled with trash. As will be clearly evident from thedrawing, the bucket 5 consists of two arched walls 20,21 which togetherwith each other and the two side walls 22 (Fig.8) form a trough locatedbetween the side walls 3 of the receiving container 3. The lateral wallsof the charging bucket 5 are sealed with regard to the lateral walls 3by means of felt strips 23. The upper edge of the wall 21 is providedwith a ledge 24, for instance of rubber or wood so that the trash cancan be set down thereon when the trash can is to be emptied. Thecylinder 25 forming part of the cylinder piston assembly by means ofwhich. the bucket 5 is to be tilted is provided with studs 26 which arejournalled in a fork 27 connected to the bucket 5. The piston rod 28 islinked to the stud 30 arranged in a pocket 29 of the receiving container3. The pocket 29 forms an enlargement of a hollow beam 31.

Fig. 3 shows the scoop 8 in its left-hand end position in which itcloses the rear portion of the collector 2 so that trash cannot drop outof the collector. The scoop 8 is actuated by a cylinder piston assemblycomprising the cylinder 35. The cylinder is journalled about the studs36 in a fork 37 connected to the receiving container. The piston rod 38is linked at 39 to the scoop 8.v

Fig. 4 shows the first phase of the trash transfer from the bucket 5 tothe collector 2. As will be seenv from Fig. 4, the scoop 8 has beentilted into its right-hand end position with regard to the drawing bythe working cylinder 35, whereas the bucket. 5 filled with trash stilloccupies its lowermost position.

The next phase of the trash transfer movement is illustrated in Fig. 5accordingto which the bucket 5 has been tilted into its uppermostposition by means of the working cylinder 25. During this upwardmovement of the bucket 5, the scoop, 8 has slipped into the bucket 5between the outer Wall 21 and the trash in the bucket 5.

The next step or the trash transfer movement consists in tilting thescoop 8 from its Fig. 5 position into the Fig. 6 position. As will beseen from Fig. 6, the scoop 8 has pushed the trash in bucket 5 out ofthe latter and has pushed said trash into the collector 2 whilesimultaneously compacting the trash when the collector is rather filled.

' The bottom wall 20 of the bucket 5 is arched in such a manner as toconform to the pathof movement of the tip of scoop 8. The wall 40 of thehollow beam'31 is arched so as likewise to conform to the path ofmovement of the tip of scoop 8 on its way from the bucket 5 into thecollector 2. After the bucket 5 has been emptied in the manner'justdescribed, the working cylinder 25 returns the bucket 5 to its startingposition as shown in Fig. 7 in which the bucket 5 can again be filledwith trash from trash cans emptied thereinto. The scoop 8 remains inFig. 6 position so as properly to close the opening of the collector andpreventing trash from dropping back from the collector into the bucket5.

The control circuit for the working cylinders 25 and 35is illustrated inFig. 9 inwhich the cylinder 25 for the actuation of the bucket 5 hasreciprocably mounted therein a piston 25a. The cylinder 35 hasreciprocably mounted therein a piston 35a for actuating the scoop 8. Thecylinder 25 at both sides of the piston 25a communicates with conduits41 and 42 respectively adapted to convey a pressure fluid such as oilunder pressure to and away from the piston 25a. Similarly conduits 43and 44 lead to opposite sides of the piston 35a for conveying a pressurefluid to and withdrawing a pressure fluid from piston 35a as will bedescribed in detail later.

The control arrangement for use in connection with the trash transfermechanism according to the invention furthermore comprises a casing 50having journalled therein a control shaft 51. The control shaft 51 ispro vided with two control cams 52 and 53 which are of the same designbut arranged in an inverse manner with regard to each other. The controlshaft 51 is actuated by a hand lever 54. Each of the cams 52 and 53 arein alignment with a pair of valve spools 55 and 55a respectively whichrespectively control the flow of fluid of passages 56 and 57 provided incasing 50.

A gear pump 60 withdraws oil for the working cylinders from a fluidreservoir 61 and feeds the oil through a conduit 62 into the passages 56and 57 in casing 50. In the specific position shown in Fig. 9, the oilunder pressure pumped by the gear pump 60 passes from conduit 62 throughpassage 56 into conduit 63 and from there through conduit 44 below thepiston 35a. Inasmuch as the upper portion of cylinder 35 above thepiston 35a communicates with the reservoir 61 through conduits 43, 42,passage 57 and conduit 74, the piston 35a is moved upwardly therebytilting the scoop Sfrom Fig; 3 position into Fig. 4 position. When thepiston approaches its end position as shown in Fig. 4, an abutment 64connected to the piston rod 38 engages and opens the valve 65 so thatpressure fluid will now pass from conduit 63 to valve 66, open thelatter and through conduit 41 will act upon the upper side of piston a.As a result thereof, the cylinder 25 moves outwardly (upwardly withregard to Fig. 9) thereby tilting the bucket 5 from Fig. 4 into Fig. 5position.

The lever 54 is now shifted by 180 so that the cams 52 and 53 reversetheir positions. As a result thereof, the upper spool 55 is presseddownwardly (with regard to Fig. 9) by spring 70, whereas the lower spool55 is pressed downwardly by cam 52 against the thrust of spring 71.Similarly the upper spool 55a is pressed upwardly by cam 53 against thethrust of spring 72, while the lower spool 55a is pushed upwardly byspring 73. Consequently the oil under pressure from conduit 62 now.

passes through conduit 76 and conduit 57 into conduit 42 and from therethrough conduit 43 into the upper portion of cylinder 35. As a resultthereof, the piston 35a is moved downwardly thereby causing the scoop 8to move from Fig. 5 position into Fig. 6 position. The oil from thelower portion of cylinder 35 escapes through conduit 63, passage 56 andconduit 74 into the reservoir 61. The pressure fluid in conduit 42 alsoacts upon the lower surface of the piston 25a. However, in the positionshown in Fig. 9 the fluid above the piston 25a cannot escape inasmuch asthe valve 66 is closed so that piston 25a cannot move. However, when thepiston 35a has substantially reached the end of its downward movement,the arm 64 engages and opens the check valve 66, thereby allowing escapeof fluid above the piston 25:: through conduit 41, check valve 66, checkvalve 65, conduit 63, passage 56 and conduit 74 into the reservoir 61.Consequently the cylinder 25 now moves downwardly with regard to Fig. 9(upwardly with regard to Fig. 6), thereby tilting the bucket 5 back intoFig. 7 position. The trash transfer mechanism thus occupies again itsstarting position in which a new trash load can be filled into thebucket 5.

The control cams 52 and 53 are so designed that the valve spools 55 and55a will open the passages 56 and 57 throughout when the lever 54 isshifted by 90 only so that the oil from the control casing 50 candirectly return to the reservoir 61 through the return conduit 74.

it is, of course, understood that the present invention is, by no means,limited to the particular construction shown in the drawings but alsocomprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.Thus, the control shaft 51 with the cams 52, 53 and the four valvespools 55 and 55a may also be replaced by a single slide valve withcorrespondingly designed control channels. The control by a cam shafthas been shown for purposes of clarity only. Furthermore it is alsopossible so to design the control system that by means of a singleadjustment of the lever 54 all four movements of the bucket 5 and scoop8 will be controlled.

What I claim is:

1. In combination in a trash collecting truck: a col lecting containerhaving an opening at one end thereof, a receiving container arrangedadjacent to and having a discharge opening at said one end, saidreceiving con tai-ner including bucket means forming the bottom of saidreceiving container and being tiltable about a substantially horizontalaxis from its normal trash receiving position into an elevated dischargeposition for the transfer of trash from said receiving container intosaid collecting container through said discharge opening, scoop meanstiltable about a substantially horizontal axis near the upper end ofsaid discharge opening, said scoop means normally closing said dischargeopening, said bucket means having two substantially parallel side wallsand also having therebetween a curved front wall and a curved rear wallconnected to each other along a line, the curvature of said front wallfollowing a circle having its center of curvature located on the tiltingaxis of said scoop means when said bucket means occupies its dischargeposition, andsaid rear wall having a curvature following circle havingits center of curvature located on the tilting axis of said bucketmeans, a curved stationary extension means extending substantially fromthe tilting axis of said bucket means inwardly into said collectingcontainer and being curved along'a circle having its center of curvaturelocated on the tilting axis of said scoop means so'that when said bucketmeans occupies its discharge position said extension means forms withsaid front wall a continuously curved path for the trash to bedischarged, and actuating means operable to tilt said scoop means awayfrom its normal position in which it closes said opening into unloadingposition in which it is partly within said bucket means when the latteris in its elevated position, said actuating means also being operable totilt said scoop means from its unloading position back to its normalposition.

2. In combination in a trash collecting truck: a collecting containerhaving an opening at one end thereof, a receiving container arrangedadjacent to and having a discharge opening at said one end, saidreceiving container including bucket means forming a displaceable bottomof said receiving container and being tiltable about a substantiallyhorizontal axis from its normal trash receiving position into anelevated discharge position for the transfer of trash from saidreceiving container into said collecting container through saiddischarge opening, scoop means tiltable about a substantially horizontalaxis near the upper end of said discharge opening, said scoop meansnormally closing said discharge opening, a first cylinder pistonassembly operatively connected to said bucket means for tilting the sameabout its tilting axis, a second cylinder piston assembly operativelyconnected with said scoop means for tilting the same away from itsnormal position in which it closes said opening into unloading positionin which it is partly within said bucket means when the latter is in itselevated position, said second cylinder piston assembly also beingoperable totilt said scoop means from its unloading position back to itsnormal position for transferring trash from said bucket means in itselevated position into said collecting container, control circuit meansincluding valve means associated with said cylinder piston assembliesfor controlling the same, and a master control member operable tocontrol said control circuit means for controlling the flow of fluid tosaid cylinder piston assemblies so as to cause the same successively tomove said scoop means into its unloading position and said bucket meansinto its elevated discharge position and to move said scoop means intoits closing position and to return said bucket means to its normalposition.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,151,887 Barrett Mar. 28, 1939 2,703,184 Barrett Mar. 1, 1955 2,748,964Murphy June 5, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 806,419 Germany June 14, 1951959,513 France Oct. 3, 1949

